Due to the characteristics of porous walls and empty spaces, SiO₂ multi-shell hollow spheres (MHSs) can regulate mass, energy transfer, and chemical reactions, making them promising for applications in confinement catalysis, energy storage, chemical separation, and drug release. However, scaling up the production of SiO₂ MHSs from laboratory synthesis to industrial production remains a significant challenge.

To address this issue, a research team led by Prof. ZHU Qingshan from the Institute of Process Engineering (IPE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, developed a precursor hydrolysis method (PHM) to achieve mass production of SiO₂ MHSs. The study was published in Advanced Materials.

Firstly, precursors containing Si(NH)₂ were synthesized from SiCl₄ and NH₃ using a fluidized bed reactor. The precursors were then hydrolyzed in ammonia water at 25°C for five hours and subsequently heated to 60°C to directly obtain SiO₂ MHSs. Additionally, the researchers found that by adjusting the hydrolysis medium, they could effectively control the void ratios and diameters of SiO₂ MHSs, with void ratios ranging from 0.05 to 0.85.

In contrast to conventional methods, the PHM eliminated the processes of template preparation and high-temperature treatments, allowing the synthesis of kilograms of SiO₂ MHSs powder. This method improved synthesis efficiency and reduced costs, enabling the transition of SiO₂ MHSs from laboratory research to industrial applications.